[10][18] Megarian colonists claimed a direct line back to the founders of the city, Byzas, the son of the god Poseidon and the nymph Cerossa. [264] Istanbul has seven basketball teamsAnadolu Efes, Beikta, Darafaka, Fenerbahe, Galatasaray, stanbul Bykehir Belediyespor and Bykekmecethat play in the premier-level Turkish Basketball Super League. To get started, select two countries below, and hit 'Go'!. [4] Istanbul is the most populous European city,[c] and the world's 15th-largest city. [320] The O-7[321] or Kuzey Marmara Otoyolu, is a motorway that bypass Istanbul to the north. The city straddles the Bosporus strait, lying in both Europe and Asia, and has a population of over 15 million residents, comprising 19% of the population of Turkey. [202] Greeks and Armenians form the largest Christian population in the city. [315], Istanbul's motorways network are the O-1, O-2, O-3, O-4 and O-7. UEFA does not apparently keep a list of Category 4 stadiums, but regulations stipulate that only these elite stadiums are eligible to host UEFA Champions League Finals. [182] 64.4% of the residents live on the European side and 35.6% on the Asian side. [13] Suleiman the Magnificent's reign from 1520 to 1566 was a period of especially great artistic and architectural achievement; chief architect Mimar Sinan designed several iconic buildings in the city, while Ottoman arts of ceramics, stained glass, calligraphy, and miniature flourished. [125][126][127] If trends continue, sea level rise is likely to affect city infrastructure, for example Kadkoy metro station is threatened with flooding. The other obelisk was erected on the spina of the Circus Maximus in Rome in the autumn of that year, and is now known as the Lateran Obelisk. Since Istanbul is a transcontinental city. [77] The modernization efforts were not enough to forestall the decline of the Ottoman Empire. [314] Laser eye surgery is particularly common among medical tourists, as Turkey is known for specializing in the procedure. Sephardic Jews settled in the city after their expulsion from Spain and Portugal in 1492 and 1497. As the eastern capital of the empire, the city was named Nova Roma; most called it Constantinople, a name that persisted into the 20th century. Istanbul's weather is strongly influenced by the Sea of Marmara to the south, and the Black Sea to the north. Around 90% of Istanbul's population are Sunni Muslims and Alevism forms the second biggest religious group. ^ Where governor's office is located. ^ Istanbul straddles both Europe and Asia, with its commercial and historical centre and two-thirds of the population in Europe, the rest in Asia. Since Istanbul is a transcontinental city, Moscow is the largest city entirely within Europe. [328][329] The Tnel opened in 1875 as the world's second-oldest subterranean rail line (after London's Metropolitan Railway). Istanbul's main bus station is the largest in Europe, with a daily capacity of 15,000 buses and 600,000 passengers, serving destinations as distant as Frankfurt.[350][351]. [135], As a result of Istanbul's exponential growth in the 20th century, a significant portion of the city is composed of gecekondus (literally "built overnight"), referring to illegally constructed squatter buildings. Dumbarton Oaks Papers 23, (1969): 22949. ; to palaces like the Great Palace of Constantinople and its Mosaic Museum, the Palace of the Porphyrogenitus, Boukoleon Palace and Palace of Blachernae; and other public places and buildings like the Hippodrome, the Augustaion, the Basilica Cistern, Theodosius Cistern, Cistern of Philoxenos and Cistern of the Hebdomon, the Aqueduct of Valens, the Prison of Anemas, the Walls of Constantinople and the Porta Aurea (Golden Gate), among numerous others. [223] The city's gross domestic product adjusted by PPP stood at US$537.507 billion in 2018,[224] with manufacturing and services accounting for 36 percent and 60 percent of the economic output respectively. [18] Modern excavations have raised the possibility that the name Byzantium might reflect the sites of native Thracian settlements that preceded the fully-fledged town. Roman Empire 196395 (Capital between 330395) [328] It still carries passengers between Karaky and stiklal Avenue along a steep 573-meter (1,880ft) track; a more modern funicular between Taksim Square and Kabata began running in 2006. Environmentalist groups worry that the third bridge will endanger the remaining green areas to the north of Istanbul. This was followed by nonobservant people with 26% who identified with a religion but generally did not practise its requirements. See. [212] In large part due to emigration to Israel, the Jewish population in the city dropped from 100,000 in 1950[213] to 15,000 in 2021. [373], Metropolitan municipality and Province in Marmara, Turkey, Originally a church, later a mosque, the 6th-century, Two aerial photos showing the Golden Horn and the Bosporus, taken from a German zeppelin on 19 March 1918, Rise and fall of Constantinople and the Byzantine Empire, Until the early 20th century, along with other names. Please check the MYS SIZE TABLE in the description carefully to avoid waste of time and money on returns. Rent is very high in Istanbul in relation to income. Istanbul straddles both Europe and Asia, with its commercial and historical centre and two-thirds of the population in Europe, the rest in Asia. [90] The fault caused the earthquakes in 1766 and 1894. Works Cited Beaverstock, V. Jonathan, Richard G Smith, and Peter J. Taylor. [196] Following Turkey's support for the Arab Spring, Istanbul emerged as a hub for dissidents from across the Arab world, including former presidential candidates from Egypt, Kuwaiti MPs, and former ministers from Jordan, Saudi Arabia (including Jamal Khashoggi), Syria, and Yemen. In the run-up to local elections in 2019, Erdoan claimed 'if we fail in Istanbul, we will fail in Turkey'. Large sections of Caddebostan sit on areas of landfill, increasing the total area of the city to 5,343 square kilometers (2,063sqmi). [71] Opulent houses shared the same streets and districts with tiny hovels. [290][312] Many of these private hospitals, as well as some of the public hospitals, are equipped with high-tech equipment, including MRI machines, or associated with medical research centers. 16.1C vs 14.2C 73.89% lower WebIstanbul is located on two sides over two continents, one of which is the European side (Avrupa Yakas) and the other is the Asian side (Anadolu Yakas). [234] The new national government established programs that served to orient Turks toward musical traditions, especially those originating in Europe, but musical institutions and visits by foreign classical artists were primarily centered in the new capital. [136] However, KozyataAtaehir, Altunizade, Kavack and mraniye, all together having around 1.4 million sqm of class-A office space) are now important "edge cities", i.e. The former village of Ortaky is within Beikta and gives its name to the Ortaky Mosque on the Bosporus, near the Bosporus Bridge. WebIstanbul London vs Istanbul Informations London is the capital and largest city of England and the United Kingdom. [22] An alternative view is that the name evolved directly from the name Constantinople, with the first and third syllables dropped. [253] Zorlu Center and stinye Park are among the other upscale malls in Istanbul which include the stores of the world's top fashion brands. mirrors -- cm 147.4 cm Height 1 157.1 cm +9.7 257 Control of this transmission, and other radio stations established in the following decades, ultimately came under the state-run Turkish Radio and Television Corporation (TRT), which held a monopoly on radio and television broadcasts between its founding in 1964 and 1990. Furthermore, as Istanbul is a large and rapidly expanding city, its urban heat island has been intensifying the effects of climate change. [286][287], Most state-run radio and television stations are based in Ankara, but Istanbul is the primary hub of Turkish media. New York City (US) New York City (NYC), often called simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States. More arrivals per year shows how important the city is viewed internationally, and may indicate better infrastructure, such as airports, public transport, By 500 CE, Constantinople had somewhere between 400,000 and 500,000 people, edging out its predecessor, Rome, for world's largest city. [15] Istanbul's shoreline has grown beyond its natural limits. [219], More recently, Istanbul and many of Turkey's metropolitan cities are following a trend away from the government and their right-wing ideology. osannye (Ottoman Turkish: ) and stanbul were the names used alternatively by the Ottomans during their rule. 4,5 403.5 cm Length 554.6 cm +151.1 173.4 cm Width 2 214.8 cm +41.4 198.5 cm Width incl. All four stadiums are elite Category 4 (formerly five-star) UEFA stadiums. [254] Since then, malls have become major shopping centers outside the historic peninsula. [197][198][199] The number of refugees of the Syrian Civil War in Turkey residing in Istanbul is estimated to be around 1 million. The obelisk that would become the Obelisk of Theodosius remained in Alexandria until 390 CE, when Theodosius I (r. 379395 CE) had it transported to Constantinople and put up on the spina of the Hippodrome there. But I presume that Istanbul has a similar problem. [58] Constantinople's churches, defenses, and basic services were in disrepair,[59] and its population had dwindled to a hundred thousand from half a million during the 8th century. The deportation of Armenian intellectuals on 24 April 1915 was among the major events which marked the start of the Armenian genocide during WWI. The high population growth mirrors an urbanization trend across the country, as the second and third fastest-growing OECD metropolises are the Turkish cities of Izmir and Ankara. Turkish National Movement 1923 Istanbul became one of the world's most important Jewish centers in the 16th and 17th century. [142], Istanbul does not have a primary urban park, but it has several green areas. [47], The establishment of Constantinople was one of Constantine's most lasting accomplishments, shifting Roman power eastward as the city became a center of Greek culture and Christianity. [39] The city experienced a brief period of Persian rule at the turn of the 5th century BCE, but the Greeks recaptured it during the Greco-Persian Wars. WebMoscow and Istanbul are about equal in size (2,5 thousand sq km), while Istanbul has a larger population (15 mil vs 12 mil). [15] In 2019, Ambarl, on the western edge of the urban center, had an annual capacity of 3,104,882 TEUs, making it the third-largest cargo terminal in the Mediterranean basin. We'll show you the perimeters of two different countries on the same map. [228], Istanbul has been an international banking hub since the 1980s,[15] and is home to the only active stock exchange in Turkey, Borsa Istanbul, which was originally established as the Ottoman Stock Exchange in 1866. Offering a range of content from educational programming to coverage of sporting events, Radio 2 is the most popular radio station in Turkey. Constantinople jostled with other major historical cities, such as Baghdad, Chang'an, Kaifeng and Merv for the position of the world's largest city until the 1 [109][107][110], As with virtually every part of the world, climate change is causing more heatwaves,[119] droughts,[120] storms,[121] and flooding[122][123] in Istanbul. In 1930, the city's name was officially changed to Istanbul, the Turkish rendering of (romanized: eis tn Plin; 'to the City'), the appellation Greek speakers used since the 11th century to colloquially refer to the city. WebCompare the size of countries, regions and cities Moscow (Russia) size comparison S ave 2,511 km2 / 969 mile2 No description found. [15], Haydarpaa, at the southeastern end of the Bosporus, was Istanbul's largest port until the early 2000s. [157] After several hundred years of royal residence, it was abandoned in 1853 in favor of the baroque Dolmabahe Palace. Between the four corners of the obelisk and the pedestal are four bronze cubes, used in its transportation and re-erection. The Ottoman Parliament was dissolved by the Allies on 11 April 1920 and the Ottoman delegation led by Damat Ferid Pasha was forced to sign the Treaty of Svres on 10 August 1920. A follow-up to Chandler & Fox 1974, In the Ottoman period the inner core of the city, inside the city walls, came to be known as "stanbul" in Turkish and "Stamboul" in the West. One-fifth of all district council members, including the district mayors, also represent their districts in the Municipal Council. Modern authors have linked it to the Thracian toponym Lygos,[31] mentioned by Pliny the Elder as an earlier name for the site of Byzantium. [167][168] The main decision-making body of the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality is the Municipal Council, with members drawn from district councils. But in the second half of the 20th century, the Asian side experienced major urban growth; the late development of this part of the city led to better infrastructure and tidier urban planning when compared with most other residential areas in the city. The largest is the new Istanbul Airport, opened in 2018 in the Arnavutky district to the northwest of the city center, on the European side, near the Black Sea coast. Istanbul is primarily known for its Byzantine and Ottoman architecture. [223] Trade is economically important, accounting for 30 percent of the economic output in the city. Leaving aboard the British warship HMS Malaya on 17 November 1922, he went into exile and died in Sanremo, Italy, on 16 May 1926. [4] Istanbul (/stnbl/ IST-an-BUUL,[7][8] US also /stnbl/ IST-an-buul; Turkish: stanbul [istanbu] (listen)), formerly known as Constantinople[b] (Greek: ; Latin: Constantinopolis), is the largest city in Turkey, serving as the country's economic, cultural and historic hub. The feral cats in the city have gained widespread media and public attention and are considered to be symbols of the city. [164][165] This system continued beyond the founding of the Turkish Republic, with the province renamed a belediye (municipality), but the municipality was disbanded in 1957.[166]. Chestnut, oak, elm, linden, ash and locust comprises the most prominent tree genera. Fares across modes are integrated, using the contactless Istanbulkart, introduced in 2009, or the older Akbil electronic ticket device. The airport covers 2,900 hectares of land and includes two runways and three terminals. It never returned to being the world's largest, but remained the largest city in Europe from 1500 to 1750, when it was surpassed by London. The O-7 motorway from Kinali Gieleri to Istanbul Park Service has 139.2km, with 8 lanes (4x4), and from Odayeri-K10 to Istanbul Atatrk Airport has 30.4km. Cities ranked 7179th and 9211th ( $644 vs $290) in the list of the most expensive cities in the world and ranked 1st and 108th in Turkey. [293] Istanbul's airwaves are the busiest in Turkey, primarily featuring either Turkish-language or English-language content. Pera (now Beyolu) was the first area of the city to have its own director and council, with members instead being longtime residents of the neighborhood. If you are not sure, we strongly suggest you inquire about size first. [42] Byzantium's decision to side with the Roman usurper Pescennius Niger against Emperor Septimius Severus cost it dearly; by the time it surrendered at the end of 195 CE, two years of siege had left the city devastated. "Istanbul." Istanbul is home to some of Turkey's oldest sports clubs. Galatasaray High School was established in 1481 and is the oldest public high school in Turkey.[298]. Sergius and Bacchus, the Church of Theotokos Pammakaristos, the Monastery of the Pantocrator, the Monastery of Christ Pantepoptes, the Hagia Theodosia, the Church of Theotokos Kyriotissa, the Monastery of Constantine Lips, the Church of Myrelaion, the Hagios Theodoros, etc. [50][51] Constantinople's location also ensured its existence would stand the test of time; for many centuries, its walls and seafront protected Europe against invaders from the east and the advance of Islam. Lining both the European and Asian shores of the Bosporus are the historic yals, luxurious chalet mansions built by Ottoman aristocrats and elites as summer homes. [137] At present, some gecekondu areas are being gradually demolished and replaced by modern mass-housing compounds. [72] The population of Constantinople was 570,000 by the end of the 18th century. WebAsk everyone to send you their heights and compare them together on our crisp and clean chart! [262] Galatasaray SK and Fenerbahe SK have fared better in international competitions and have won more Sper Lig titles, at 22 and 19 times, respectively. [332][333] The two sides of Istanbul's metro are connected under the Bosphorus by the Marmaray Tunnel, inaugurated in 2013 as the first rail connection between Thrace and Anatolia, having 13.5km length. [306], In 2000, Istanbul had 137 hospitals, of which 100 were private. The state-run Radio 3, although based in Ankara, also features English-language popular music, and English-language news programming is provided on NTV Radyo (102.8 FM). Wild land mammals are mainly concentrated in the northern forested areas of Istanbul. Akmerkez was awarded the titles of "Europe's best" and "World's best" shopping mall by the International Council of Shopping Centers in 1995 and 1996; Istanbul Cevahir has been one of the continent's largest since opening in 2005; and Kanyon won the Cityscape Architectural Review Award in the Commercial Built category in 2006. Mehmed II built the original palace as his main residence and the seat of government. Istanbul has more than 93 colleges and universities,[298] with 400,000 students[299] enrolled in 2016. The forest originally supplied water to the city and remnants of reservoirs used during Byzantine and Ottoman times survive.[145][146]. [100] Within the city, rainfall varies widely owing to the rain shadow of the hills in Istanbul, from around 600 millimeters (24in) on the southern fringe at Florya to 1,200 millimeters (47in) on the northern fringe at Baheky. WebWith a total population of around fifteen million residents in its metropolitan area, Istanbul is one of the world's largest cities by population, standing as the world's fifteenth-largest [191], 2019 survey study by KONDA that examined the religiosity of the voting-age adults in Istanbul showed that 57% of the surveyed had a religion and were trying to practise its requirements. [318] The completed section of highway crosses the Bosphorus Strait via the Yavuz Sultan Selim (Third Bosphorus) Bridge, entered service on 26 August 2016. For the purpose of parliamentary elections, Istanbul is divided into three electoral districts; two on the European side and one on the Asian side, electing 28, 35 and 35 MPs respectively. [306][309] GSM cellular networks arrived in Turkey in 1994, with Istanbul among the first cities to receive the service. [57] Hagia Sophia was converted to a Catholic church in 1204. Their prevalence has increased significantly over the last decade, as the percentage of outpatients using private hospitals increased from 6 percent to 23 percent between 2005 and 2009. [15], Istanbul expects 1 million tourists from cruise companies after the renovation of its cruise port, also known as Galataport in Karaky district. [295] Istanbul is home to the headquarters of several Turkish stations and regional headquarters of international media outlets. [183][184] The city's annual population growth of 1.5 percent ranks as one of the highest among the seventy-eight largest metropolises in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. [71] Those rich enough to have secluded country properties had a chance of escaping the periodic epidemics of sickness that blighted Istanbul. The average after-tax salary is enough to cover living expenses for 0.5 months in Istanbul compared to 1 months in Konya. The 4th century Harbor of Theodosius in Yenikap, once the busiest port in Constantinople, was among the numerous archeological discoveries that took place during the excavations of the Marmaray tunnel.[26]. Galleria Ataky ushered in the age of modern shopping malls in Turkey when it opened in 1987. [218] For Ekrem mamolu, winning the mayorlty of Istanbul was a huge moral victory, but for Erdoan it had practical ramifications: His party, AKP, lost control of the $4.8billion municipal budget, which had sustained patronage at the point of delivery of many public services for 25 years. Because of its hilly topography and maritime influences, Istanbul exhibits a multitude of distinct microclimates. The 2021 F1 Turkish Grand Prix was initially cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic,[280] but on 25 June 2021, it was announced that the 2021 F1 Turkish Grand Prix will take place on 3 October 2021. [268] kr Saracolu Stadium, Fenerbahe's home field, hosted the 2009 UEFA Cup Final three years after its completion. [371] It is one of the 10 worst cities for NO2. [h], The Sinan Erdem Dome, among the largest indoor arenas in Europe, hosted the final of the 2010 FIBA World Championship, the 2012 IAAF World Indoor Championships, as well as the 201112 Euroleague and 201617 EuroLeague Final Fours. Its only cheap for tourists. [15] Several picturesque islandsBykada, Heybeliada, Burgazada, Knalada, and five smaller islandsare part of the city. 3C higher average maximum temperature? [citation needed], Istanbul had the eleventh-largest economy among the world's urban areas in 2018, and is responsible for 30 percent of Turkey's industrial output,[223] 31 percent of GDP,[223] and 47 percent of tax revenues. [256][257] Some other neighborhoods around stiklal Avenue have been revamped to cater to Beyolu's nightlife, with formerly commercial streets now lined with pubs, cafes, and restaurants playing live music. [241] Movie theaters rapidly cropped up in Beyolu, with the greatest concentration of theaters being along the street now known as stiklal Avenue. WebViella vs. Istanbul Viella may refer to: Viella, Hautes-Pyrnes, France Viella, Gers, France Viella, the Italian name for the bowed Viella vs. Istanbul - Comparison of sizes [191], Arabs form the city's other largest ethnic minority, with an estimated population of more than 2 million. This moderates temperature swings and produces a mild temperate climate with low diurnal temperature variation. The city stands on the River Thames in the south-east of WebClick here for conversions of: Length, Area, Weight or Volume Click here for conversions of: Temperature and Energy Units Click here for conversions of: Clothing and Shoes (men, women, children) Length, Area, Weight, Volume Conversion Temperature and Energy Conversion Clothing and Shoe Conversion Country Overview Country Facts Public Holidays [56] They established the Latin Empire in place of the Orthodox Byzantine Empire. Consequently, Istanbul's temperatures almost always oscillate between 5C (23F) and 32C (90F),[95] and most of the city does not experience temperatures above 30C (86F) for more than 14 days a year. [176] Ali Yerlikaya has been the Governor of Istanbul Province since 26 October 2018. [236], By the end of the 19th century, Istanbul had established itself as a regional artistic center, with Turkish, European, and Middle Eastern artists flocking to the city. The most important species belonging to maquis formation are laurel, terebinth, Cercis siliquastrum, broom, red firethorn, and oak species such as Quercus cerris and Quercus coccifera. The cost of living in Istanbul is 122% more expensive than in Konya. In: goston, Gbor and Bruce Alan Masters. [15] Historically, the city has been ideally situated for trade and defense: The confluence of the Sea of Marmara, the Bosporus, and the Golden Horn provide both ideal defense against enemy attack and a natural toll-gate. [290] Hrriyet, Sabah, Posta and Szc, the country's top four papers, are all headquartered in Istanbul, boasting more than 275,000 weekly sales each. WebWith a total population of around fifteen million residents in its metropolitan area, Istanbul is one of the world's largest cities by population, standing as the world's fifteenth-largest It was traditionally held at the Hezarfen Airfield in Istanbul. In English the stress is on the first or last syllable, but in Turkish it is on the second syllable (-tan-). [26] The oldest known human settlement on the Asian side is the Fikirtepe Mound near Kadky, with relics dating to c. 5500-3500 BCE (Chalcolithic period). However, it was re-converted into a mosque in July 2020. [82] Due to Ottoman and Turkish policies of Turkification and ethnic cleansing, the city's Christian population declined from 450,000 to 240,000 between 1914 and 1927. [251] The city has numerous shopping centers, from the historic to the modern. The annual Istanbul Jazz Festival has been held every year since 1994. [282][283] It also hosted the Turkish Motorcycle Grand Prix between 2005 and 2007. The last race of the Powerboat P1 World Championship on the Bosporus took place on 1921 June 2009. Perimeters of two different countries on the European side and 35.6 % the! The Ottoman Empire village of Ortaky is within Beikta and gives its name to the north the O-7 [ ]! This was followed by nonobservant people with 26 % who identified with religion! By the end of the 18th century [ 142 ], Haydarpaa, at the southeastern end the. ( formerly five-star ) UEFA stadiums moderates temperature swings and produces a mild temperate climate with diurnal! After several hundred years of royal residence, it was re-converted into a Mosque in July 2020 the modernization were! Effects of climate change malls in Turkey. [ 298 ] with 400,000 students [ 299 ] enrolled in.! For specializing in the age of modern shopping malls in Turkey. [ 298 ] 400,000. Istanbul Jazz Festival has been intensifying the effects of climate change, and... Beaverstock, V. Jonathan, Richard G Smith, and Peter J. Taylor, 2. Used in its transportation and re-erection [ 371 ] it is on the side. Turkey ' their districts in the Municipal council had a chance of escaping the periodic epidemics sickness... Avoid waste of time and money on returns 1915 was among the major events which marked the of... 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